TROPICAL RAINFORESTS: Deforestation rates tables and charts

Kazakhstan Forest Information and Data

According to the U.N. FAO, 1.2% or about 3,309,000 ha of Kazakhstan is forested, according to FAO. Kazakhstan had 901,000 ha of planted forest.

Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Kazakhstan lost an average of 5,650 ha or 0.17% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Kazakhstan lost 3.3% of its forest cover, or around 113,000 ha.

Kazakhstan's forests contain 137 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass. Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Kazakhstan has some 708 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 1.8% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 5.8% are threatened. Kazakhstan is home to at least 6000 species of vascular plants. 2.9% of Kazakhstan is protected under IUCN categories I-V.

The following contains data relating to forest cover in Kazakhstan

Previous version of this profile (2009)

SECTIONS:

Forest Cover | Breakdown of forest types | Change in Forest Cover | Deforestation | Primary forest | Planted forest | Forest designation | Forest ownership | Growing stock | Carbon stock | Disturbances affecting forest land | Removals | Removals Value | Employment | Forest policy | Human resources | Revenue | Agreements | Protected areas | Biodiversity - Wildlife | Biodiversity - Plants | Environment | Land use / Resources | Economy | Population / Demographics | Infrastructure | Health | References | Books










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Kazakhstan: Forest Cover, 2010
Total Land Area (1000 ha)269970
Total Forest Area (1000 ha)3309
Percent Forest Cover1
Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha)0
Primary Forest, % total forest0
Other wooded land (1000 ha)16479
Percent other wooded land6




Kazakhstan: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)00
Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)240873
Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)90127


Kazakhstan: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
3422336533373309
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-6-6-6
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-0.17-0.17-0.17


Kazakhstan: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
2388230924282408
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-8-810
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-0.3-0.330.43


Kazakhstan: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
0000
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
000
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
---


Kazakhstan: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
10341056909901
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
2-29-2
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
0.21-2.95-0.18


Kazakhstan: Primary designated function (percent)
ProductionProtection of soil and waterConservation of biodiversitySocial servicesMultiple useOtherNone or unknown
0016137100


Kazakhstan: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
OWNERSHIP PATTERN
Public ownershipPrivate ownershipOther
10000


PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
IndividualsBusiness entities and institutionsLocal, indigenous and tribal communities
---


HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS
Public administrationIndividualsBusiness entities and InstitutionsCommunitiesOther
-----
Kazakhstan: Growing stock in forest
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total
(million m3)
Per hectare
(m3)
Coniferous
(million m3)
Broadleaved
(million m3)
% commercial species
3641102391250
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total (million m3)Per hectare (m3)Coniferous (million m3)Broadleaved (million m3)% commercial species
121


Kazakhstan: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(million metric tons)
1990200020052010
137137137137
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(per hectare in tons)
2000
41
ANNUAL CHANGE
(1 000 t/yr)
1990200020052010
n.s.n.s.0
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE
(t/ha/yr)
1990200020052010
n.s.n.s.n.s.


Kazakhstan: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
FOREST FIRE
1000 ha% wild fire (not managed burn)
35-


EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE
InsectsDiseasesOther biotic agentsAbiotic factorsTotal (excluding fire)% of 2005 forest area
------


Kazakhstan: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
2024189535-
WOODFUEL
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
577483231-


Kazakhstan: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals
(million US$)
Value per ha forest
(US$)
Industrial roundwoodWoodfuelNWFPTotal
-----


Kazakhstan: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
--16
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
141414
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
--3


Kazakhstan: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): Yes (-)
Sub-national forest policy: No
National forest program (year) - status: Yes (2004) -
National forest law (year): Specific forest law (2003) Sub-national forest law: No

Kazakhstan: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
200020052008
#% female#% female#% female
------


Kazakhstan: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
Forest revenuePublic expenditure (1000 US$)
Domestic fundingExternal fundingTotal
(1000 US$)Operational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer payments
-------


Kazakhstan: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
  • CbD:
  • UNFCCC:
  • Kyoto Protocol:
  • UNCCD:
  • ITTA:
  • CITeS:
  • Ramsar:
  • World Heritage Convention:
  • NlbI: [an error occurred while processing this directive] Kazakhstan: Environment
    Environment - current issuesradioactive or toxic chemical sites associated with former defense industries and test ranges scattered throughout the country pose health risks for humans and animals; industrial pollution is severe in some cities; because the two main rivers which flowed into the Aral Sea have been diverted for irrigation, it is drying up and leaving behind a harmful layer of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then picked up by the wind and blown into noxious dust storms; pollution in the Caspian Sea; soil pollution from overuse of agricultural chemicals and salination from poor infrastructure and wasteful irrigation practices
    Environment - international agreementsparty to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
    signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
    Natural hazardsearthquakes in the south, mudslides around Almaty


    Kazakhstan: Land use / Resources
    Land use (%)arable land: 7.98%
    permanent crops: 0.05%
    other: 91.97% (2001)
    Natural resourcesmajor deposits of petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, chrome ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium


    Kazakhstan: Economy
    Economy - overview:Kazakhstan, the largest of the former Soviet republics in territory, excluding Russia, possesses enormous fossil fuel reserves as well as plentiful supplies of other minerals and metals. It also has a large agricultural sector featuring livestock and grain. Kazakhstan's industrial sector rests on the extraction and processing of these natural resources and also on a growing machine-building sector specializing in construction equipment, tractors, agricultural machinery, and some defense items. The breakup of the USSR in December 1991 and the collapse in demand for Kazakhstan's traditional heavy industry products resulted in a short-term contraction of the economy, with the steepest annual decline occurring in 1994. In 1995-97, the pace of the government program of economic reform and privatization quickened, resulting in a substantial shifting of assets into the private sector. Kazakhstan enjoyed double-digit growth in 2000-01 - and more than 9% per year in 2002-05 - thanks largely to its booming energy sector, but also to economic reform, good harvests, and foreign investment. The opening of the Caspian Consortium pipeline in 2001, from western Kazakhstan's Tengiz oilfield to the Black Sea, substantially raised export capacity. Kazakhstan also has begun work on an ambitious cooperative construction effort with China to build an oil pipeline that will extend from the country's Caspian coast eastward to the Chinese border. The country has embarked upon an industrial policy designed to diversify the economy away from overdependence on the oil sector, by developing light industry. The policy aims to reduce the influence of foreign investment and foreign personnel; the government has engaged in several disputes with foreign oil companies over the terms of production agreements, and tensions continue. Upward pressure on the local currency continued in 2005 due to massive oil-related foreign-exchange inflows.
    GDP - per capita$8,700 (2005 est.)
    GDP - real growth rate (%)9% (2005 est.)
    Agriculture - productsgrain (mostly spring wheat), cotton; livestock
    GDP - composition by sector (%)agriculture: 7.8%, industry: 40.4%, services: 51.8% (2005 est.)
    Industries oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur, iron and steel; tractors and other agricultural machinery, electric motors, construction materials
    Economic aid - recipient$74.2 million in US assistance programs, 1992-2000 (FY2004)
    Debt - external$32.7 billion (2005 est.)
    Population below poverty line (%)19% (2004 est.)
    Labor force - by occupation (%)agriculture 20%, industry 30%, services 50% (2002 est.)


    Kazakhstan: Population / Demographics
    Population (July 2005)15,185,844
    Population growth rate (%) (2005)0.30%
    Population density (people/sq km) (2005)5.7
    Percent rural (2003)44.2%
    Median age (years)total: 28.52 years
    Total fertility rate (children born/woman)1.89 (2005 est.)
    Ethnic groups (%)Kazakh (Qazaq) 53.4%, Russian 30%, Ukrainian 3.7%, Uzbek 2.5%, German 2.4%, Tatar 1.7%, Uygur 1.4%, other 4.9% (1999 census)


    Largest Cities in Kazakhstan

    Cities and urban areas in Kazakhstan with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.

    CityCountryCity PopulationUrban Area Population
    AlmatyKazakhstan10663001199100
    KaragandaKazakhstan412500412500
    ChimkentKazakhstan340000340000
    Taraz (Dzhambul)Kazakhstan311700311700
    PavlodarKazakhstan299800299800
    AstanaKazakhstan293800293800
    OskemenKazakhstan293600293600
    Semey (Semipalatinsk)Kazakhstan254500254500
    AqtobeKazakhstan239000239000
    QostanayKazakhstan223400223400
    PetropavlKazakhstan202600202600
    OralKazakhstan184500184500
    TemirtauKazakhstan161000161000
    Akmechet (Kyzyl-Orda)Kazakhstan152100152100
    AqtauKazakhstan135400135400
    AtyrauKazakhstan134500134500
    EkibastuzKazakhstan126900126900
    KoksetauKazakhstan122800122800
    RudniKazakhstan110500110500


    Kazakhstan: Infrastructure
    Telephones - main lines in use2,081,900 (2002)
    Telephones - mobile cellular1.027 million (2002)
    Roadways (km)total: 258,029 km
    paved: 247,347 km
    unpaved: 106,824 km (2003)


    Kazakhstan: Health
    Life expectancy at birth (years)total population: 66.55 years
    male: 61.21 years
    female: 72.2 years (2005 est.)
    Infant mortality rate29.21 deaths/1,000 live births
    HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%)0.2% (2001 est.)

    Kazakhstan : References & Data Sources
     Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
     Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
     Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
     Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
     RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
     World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
     The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
     Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
     With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com



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