TROPICAL RAINFORESTS: Deforestation rates tables and charts

Bosnia and Herzegovina Forest Information and Data

According to the U.N. FAO, 42.7% or about 2,185,000 ha of Bosnia and Herzegovina is forested, according to FAO. Of this 0.1% ( 2,000 ) is classified as primary forest, the most biodiverse and carbon-dense form of forest. Bosnia and Herzegovina had 999,000 ha of planted forest.

Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Bosnia and Herzegovina lost an average of 1,250 ha or 0.06% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Bosnia and Herzegovina lost 1.1% of its forest cover, or around 25,000 ha.

Bosnia and Herzegovina's forests contain 118 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass. Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Bosnia and Herzegovina has some 425 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 0.2% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 4.2% are threatened. Bosnia and Herzegovina is home to at least 0 species of vascular plants. 0.5% of Bosnia and Herzegovina is protected under IUCN categories I-V.

The following contains data relating to forest cover in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Previous version of this profile (2009)

SECTIONS:

Forest Cover | Breakdown of forest types | Change in Forest Cover | Deforestation | Primary forest | Planted forest | Forest designation | Forest ownership | Growing stock | Carbon stock | Disturbances affecting forest land | Removals | Removals Value | Employment | Forest policy | Human resources | Revenue | Agreements | Protected areas | Biodiversity - Wildlife | Biodiversity - Plants | Environment | Land use / Resources | Economy | Population / Demographics | Infrastructure | Health | References | Books










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Bosnia and Herzegovina: Forest Cover, 2010
Total Land Area (1000 ha)5120
Total Forest Area (1000 ha)2185
Percent Forest Cover43
Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha)2
Primary Forest, % total forestn.s.
Other wooded land (1000 ha)549
Percent other wooded land11




Bosnia and Herzegovina: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)2n.s.
Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)118454
Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)99946


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
2210218521852185
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-300
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-0.1100


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
1163.01186.01186.01186.0
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
22.00.0
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
0.20.20.0


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
2222
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
000
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
000


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
1047999999999
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-500
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-0.470.00.0


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Primary designated function (percent)
ProductionProtection of soil and waterConservation of biodiversitySocial servicesMultiple useOtherNone or unknown
560100043


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
OWNERSHIP PATTERN
Public ownershipPrivate ownershipOther
79210


PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
IndividualsBusiness entities and institutionsLocal, indigenous and tribal communities
---


HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS
Public administrationIndividualsBusiness entities and InstitutionsCommunitiesOther
-----
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Growing stock in forest
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total
(million m3)
Per hectare
(m3)
Coniferous
(million m3)
Broadleaved
(million m3)
% commercial species
358164135223100
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total (million m3)Per hectare (m3)Coniferous (million m3)Broadleaved (million m3)% commercial species
--


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(million metric tons)
1990200020052010
96118118118
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(per hectare in tons)
2000
54
ANNUAL CHANGE
(1 000 t/yr)
1990200020052010
200
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE
(t/ha/yr)
1990200020052010
1.100


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
FOREST FIRE
1000 ha% wild fire (not managed burn)
--


EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE
InsectsDiseasesOther biotic agentsAbiotic factorsTotal (excluding fire)% of 2005 forest area
------


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
379132593006100
WOODFUEL
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
98210671337100


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals
(million US$)
Value per ha forest
(US$)
Industrial roundwoodWoodfuelNWFPTotal
-----


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
---
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
---
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
---


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): - (-)
Sub-national forest policy: -
National forest program (year) - status: - (-) -
National forest law (year): - (-) Sub-national forest law: -

Bosnia and Herzegovina: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
200020052008
#% female#% female#% female
------


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
Forest revenuePublic expenditure (1000 US$)
Domestic fundingExternal fundingTotal
(1000 US$)Operational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer payments
-------


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
  • CbD:
  • UNFCCC:
  • Kyoto Protocol:
  • UNCCD:
  • ITTA:
  • CITeS:
  • Ramsar:
  • World Heritage Convention:
  • NlbI: [an error occurred while processing this directive] Bosnia and Herzegovina: Environment
    Environment - current issuesair pollution from metallurgical plants; sites for disposing of urban waste are limited; water shortages and destruction of infrastructure because of the 1992-95 civil strife; deforestation
    Environment - international agreementsparty to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
    signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
    Natural hazardsdestructive earthquakes


    Bosnia and Herzegovina: Land use / Resources
    Land use (%)arable land: 13.6%
    permanent crops: 2.96%
    other: 83.44% (2001)
    Natural resourcescoal, iron ore, bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, cobalt, manganese, nickel, clay, gypsum, salt, sand, forests, hydropower


    Bosnia and Herzegovina: Economy
    Economy - overview:Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked next to Macedonia as the poorest republic in the old Yugoslav federation. Although agriculture is almost all in private hands, farms are small and inefficient, and the republic traditionally is a net importer of food. Industry has been greatly overstaffed, one reflection of the socialist economic structure of Yugoslavia. TITO had pushed the development of military industries in the republic with the result that Bosnia was saddled with a host of industrial firms with little commercial potential. The interethnic warfare in Bosnia caused production to plummet by 80% from 1992 to 1995 and unemployment to soar. With an uneasy peace in place, output recovered in 1996-99 at high percentage rates from a low base; but output growth slowed in 2000-02. Part of the lag in output was made up in 2003-05. National-level statistics are limited and do not capture the large share of black market activity. The konvertibilna marka (convertible mark or BAM)- the national currency introduced in 1998 - is pegged to the euro, and confidence in the currency and the banking sector has increased. Implementation of privatization, however, has been slow, and local entities only reluctantly support national-level institutions. Banking reform accelerated in 2001 as all the Communist-era payments bureaus were shut down; foreign banks, primarily from Western Europe, now control most of the banking sector. A sizeable current account deficit and high unemployment rate remain the two most serious economic problems. The country receives substantial amounts of reconstruction assistance and humanitarian aid from the international community but will have to prepare for an era of declining assistance.
    GDP - per capita$6,800 (2005 est.)
    GDP - real growth rate (%)5.2% (2005 est.)
    Agriculture - productswheat, corn, fruits, vegetables; livestock
    GDP - composition by sector (%)agriculture: 14.2%, industry: 30.8%, services: 55% (2002)
    Industries steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, tank and aircraft assembly, domestic appliances, oil refining (2001)
    Economic aid - recipient$650 million (2001 est.)
    Debt - external$3.1 billion (2005 est.)
    Population below poverty line (%)25% (2004 est.)
    Labor force - by occupation (%)agriculture NA, industry NA, services NA


    Bosnia and Herzegovina: Population / Demographics
    Population (July 2005)4,025,476
    Population growth rate (%) (2005)0.44%
    Population density (people/sq km) (2005)78.7
    Percent rural (2003)55.7%
    Median age (years)total: 36.21 years
    Total fertility rate (children born/woman)1.71 (2005 est.)
    Ethnic groups (%)Serb 37.1%, Bosniak 48%, Croat 14.3%, other 0.6% (2000)


    Largest Cities in Bosnia

    Cities and urban areas in Bosnia with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.

    CityCountryCity PopulationUrban Area Population
    SarajevoBosnia434000434000
    Banja LukaBosnia179200179200
    TuzlaBosnia111900111900
    ZenicaBosnia104900104900


    Bosnia and Herzegovina: Infrastructure
    Telephones - main lines in use938,000 (2003)
    Telephones - mobile cellular1.05 million (2003)
    Roadways (km)total: 21,846 km
    paved: 11,425 km
    unpaved: 10,421 km (1999)


    Bosnia and Herzegovina: Health
    Life expectancy at birth (years)total population: 77.83 years
    male: 74.21 years
    female: 81.72 years (2005 est.)
    Infant mortality rate21.05 deaths/1,000 live births
    HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%)less than 0.1% (2001 est.)

    Bosnia and Herzegovina : References & Data Sources
     Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
     Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
     Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
     Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
     RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
     World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
     The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
     Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
     With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com



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