Uzbekistan Forest Information and Data

According to the U.N. FAO, 7.7% or about 3,276,000 ha of Uzbekistan is forested, according to FAO. Of this 2.2% ( 72,000 ) is classified as primary forest, the most biodiverse and carbon-dense form of forest. Uzbekistan had 635,000 ha of planted forest.

Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Uzbekistan lost an average of 11,550 ha or 0.38% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Uzbekistan gained 7.6% of its forest cover, or around 231,000 ha.

Uzbekistan's forests contain 19 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass. Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Uzbekistan has some 494 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 0.6% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 5.1% are threatened. Uzbekistan is home to at least 4800 species of vascular plants, of which 8.3% are endemic. 4.6% of Uzbekistan is protected under IUCN categories I-V.

The following contains data relating to forest cover in Uzbekistan

Previous version of this profile (2009)

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Uzbekistan: Forest Cover, 2010 Total Land Area (1000 ha) 42540 Total Forest Area (1000 ha) 3276 Percent Forest Cover 8 Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha) 72 Primary Forest, % total forest 2 Other wooded land (1000 ha) 874 Percent other wooded land 2 Uzbekistan: Breakdown of forest types, 2010 Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) 72 2 Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) 2569 78 Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) 635 19 Uzbekistan: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010 TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha) 1990 2000 2005 2010 3045 3212 3295 3276 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 17 17 -4 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 0.54 0.51 -0.12 Uzbekistan: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010 FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha) 1990 2000 2005 2010 2842 2748 2701 2641 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 -9 -9 -11 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 -0.3 -0.33 -0.39 Uzbekistan: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010 PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha) 1990 2000 2005 2010 57 57 57 72 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 0 0 3 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 0 0 4.78 Uzbekistan: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010 PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha) 1990 2000 2005 2010 203 464 594 635 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 26 26 8 ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation 1990-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 8.62 5.06 1.34 Uzbekistan: Primary designated function (percent) Production Protection of soil and water Conservation of biodiversity Social services Multiple use Other None or unknown n.s. 93 6 0 0 0 0 Uzbekistan: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent) OWNERSHIP PATTERN Public ownership Private ownership Other 100 0 0 PRIVATE OWNERSHIP Individuals Business entities and institutions Local, indigenous and tribal communities - - - HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS Public administration Individuals Business entities and Institutions Communities Other 100 0 0 0 0 Uzbekistan: Growing stock in forest GROWING STOCK IN FOREST Total (million m3) Per hectare (m3) Coniferous (million m3) Broadleaved (million m3) % commercial species 26 8 7 19 n.s. GROWING STOCK IN FOREST Total (million m3) Per hectare (m3) Coniferous (million m3) Broadleaved (million m3) % commercial species - - Uzbekistan: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010 CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS (million metric tons) 1990 2000 2005 2010 8 14 18 19 CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS (per hectare in tons) 2000 6 ANNUAL CHANGE (1 000 t/yr) 1990 2000 2005 2010 1 1 n.s. ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE (t/ha/yr) 1990 2000 2005 2010 n.s. n.s. n.s. Uzbekistan: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005 FOREST FIRE 1000 ha % wild fire (not managed burn) n.s. 100 EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE Insects Diseases Other biotic agents Abiotic factors Total (excluding fire) % of 2005 forest area 16 9 - - 25 1 Uzbekistan: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005 INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) 1990 2000 2005 percent of which from forest 2005 3 5 9 100 WOODFUEL Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) 1990 2000 2005 percent of which from forest 2005 46 24 21 100 Uzbekistan: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005 Value of removals (million US$) Value per ha forest (US$) Industrial roundwood Woodfuel NWFP Total 1 n.s. 2 3 n.s. Uzbekistan: Employment in forestry 1990-2005 TOTAL (1000 full-time employees) 1990 2000 2005 5 7 7 IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY (1000 full-time employees) 1990 2000 2005 4 6 6 IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION (1000 full-time employees) 1990 2000 2005 1 1 1 Uzbekistan: Forest policy and legal framework 2008 National forest policy (year): No (-) Sub-national forest policy: - National forest program (year) - status: Yes (2006) In formulation National forest law (year): Specific forest law (1999) Sub-national forest law: - Uzbekistan: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008 2000 2005 2008 # % female # % female # % female 6639 10 6720 11 7102 15 Uzbekistan: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005 Forest revenue Public expenditure (1000 US$) Domestic funding External funding Total (1000 US$) Operational expenditure Transfer payments Operational expenditure Transfer payments Operational expenditure Transfer payments 6846 4890 - 0 0 4890 - Uzbekistan: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010 CbD: UNFCCC: Kyoto Protocol: UNCCD: ITTA: CITeS: Ramsar: World Heritage Convention: NlbI: [an error occurred while processing this directive] Uzbekistan: Environment Environment - current issues shrinkage of the Aral Sea is resulting in growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then blown from the increasingly exposed lake bed and contribute to desertification; water pollution from industrial wastes and the heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the cause of many human health disorders; increasing soil salination; soil contamination from buried nuclear processing and agricultural chemicals, including DDT Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements Natural hazards NA Uzbekistan: Land use / Resources Land use (%) arable land: 10.83% permanent crops: 0.83% other: 88.34% (2001) Natural resources natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum Uzbekistan: Economy Economy - overview: Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 11% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives in densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's second-largest cotton exporter, and fifth largest producer; it relies heavily on cotton production as the major source of export earnings. Other major export earners include gold and oil. Following independence in December 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. Uzbekistan responded to the negative external conditions generated by the Asian and Russian financial crises by emphasizing import substitute industrialization and by tightening export and currency controls within its already largely closed economy. The government, while aware of the need to improve the investment climate, sponsors measures that often increase, not decrease, the government's control over business decisions. A sharp increase in the inequality of income distribution has hurt the lower ranks of society since independence. In 2003, the government accepted the obligations of Article VIII under the International Monetary Fund (IMF), providing for full currency convertibility. However, strict currency controls and tightening of borders have lessened the effects of convertibility and have also led to some shortages that have further stifled economic activity. Potential investment by Russia and China in Uzbekistan's gas and oil industry would increase economic growth prospects. GDP - per capita $1,900 (2005 est.) GDP - real growth rate (%) 5.4% (2005 est.) Agriculture - products cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock GDP - composition by sector (%) agriculture: 38%, industry: 26.3%, services: 35.7% (2003 est.) Industries textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, gold petroleum, natural gas, chemicals Economic aid - recipient $87.4 million from the US (2003) Debt - external $5.184 billion (2005 est.) Population below poverty line (%) 28% (2004 est.) Labor force - by occupation (%) agriculture 44%, industry 20%, services 36% (1995) Uzbekistan: Population / Demographics Population (July 2005) 26,851,195 Population growth rate (%) (2005) 1.67% Population density (people/sq km) (2005) 63.1 Percent rural (2003) 63.4% Median age (years) total: 22.36 years Total fertility rate (children born/woman) 2.94 (2005 est.) Ethnic groups (%) Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.) Largest Cities in Uzbekistan Cities and urban areas in Uzbekistan with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002. City Country City Population Urban Area Population Tashkent Uzbekistan 2150000 3394200 Namangan Uzbekistan 422700 571200 Samarkand Uzbekistan 373400 519000 Andizhan Uzbekistan 348300 524200 Bukhara Uzbekistan 268000 268000 Nukus Uzbekistan 254200 254200 Qarsi Uzbekistan 220900 220900 Farghona Uzbekistan 216200 493900 Kukon Uzbekistan 209400 209400 Urgench Uzbekistan 168900 168900 Zhizaq Uzbekistan 160600 160600 Angren Uzbekistan 157500 157500 Navoi Uzbekistan 144500 144500 Olmaliq Uzbekistan 132300 132300 Termez Uzbekistan 128300 128300 Bekobod Uzbekistan 100500 100500 Uzbekistan: Infrastructure Telephones - main lines in use 1,717,100 (2003) Telephones - mobile cellular 320,800 (2003) Roadways (km) total: 81,600 km paved: 71,237 km unpaved: 10,363 km (1999 est.) Uzbekistan: Health Life expectancy at birth (years) total population: 64.19 years male: 60.82 years female: 67.73 years (2005 est.) Infant mortality rate 71.1 deaths/1,000 live births HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) Uzbekistan : References & Data Sources  Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005  Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)  Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.  Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.  RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.  World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site  The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species  Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund  With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com Select a Country or Region INDEX Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Caribbean Cayman Islands Central African Republic Central America Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo Costa Rica Cote d�Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic DR Congo East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Falkland Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jersey Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Laos Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macau Macedonia Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montserrat Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria North Korea Norway Oceania Oman Pakistan Palau Palestine Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Pitcairn Poland Portugal Puerto Rico Qatar Reunion Romania Russia Russian Federation Rwanda Saint Helena Saint Lucia Samoa San Marino Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia and Montenegro Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South America South Korea Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Tanzania Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tokelau Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Turkmenistan Turks and Caicos Islands Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States United States of America United States Virgin Islands Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela Viet Nam Vietnam Virgin Islands Western Sahara Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe Tropical rainforest information  World Rainforests  Rainforest Structure  Rainforest Biodiversity  Canopy  Forest Floor  Rainforest Waters  Indigenous People  Deforestation  Global Importance  Rainforest Conservation  Country Reports update soon  References  Deforestation Tables  The Amazon Rainforest update soon  The Congo Rainforest update soon  Deforestation in Brazil  Rainforest Images   Web mongabay.com Mongabay Rainforests Mongabay News Mongabay Photos