Trinidad and Tobago: Forest Cover, 2005
| Total Land Area (ha) | 513,000 | | Total Forest Area (ha) | 226,000 | | Percent Forest Cover | 44.05% | | Primary Forest Cover (ha) | 14,000 | | Primary Forest, % total forest | 6.19% | | Primary Forest, % total land | 2.73% | | Other wooded land (ha) | 74,000 |
Trinidad and Tobago : Forest types
| Tropical (% forest area) | 100% | | Subtropical (% forest area) | 0% | | Temperate (% forest area) | 0% | | Boreal/polar (% forest area) | 0% |
Trinidad and Tobago: Breakdown of forest types, 2005
| Primary forest (ha | %) | 14,000 | 6.2% | | Modified natural (ha | %) | 197,000 | 87.2% | | Semi-natural (ha | %) | - | 0.0% | | Production plantation (ha | %) | 15,000 | 6.6% | | Production plantation (ha | %) | - | 0.0% |
Trinidad and Tobago: Change in Forest Cover
| TOTAL FOREST COVER | | Forest 1990 (ha) | 235,000 | | Forest 2000 (ha) | 228,000 | | Forest 2005 (ha) | 226,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | (700) | -0.30% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | (400) | -0.18% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | (9,000) | -3.83% | | Change in rate (%) | -41.10% | | PRIMARY FOREST COVER | | Primary 1990 (ha) | 14,000 | | Primary 2000 (ha) | 14,000 | | Primary 2005 (ha) | 14,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Change in rate (%) | #DIV/0! | | OTHER WOODED LAND | | Other 1990 (ha) | 65,000 | | Other 2000 (ha) | 72,000 | | Other 2005 (ha) | 74,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | 700 | 1.08% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | 400 | 0.56% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | 9,000 | 13.85% | | Change in rate (%) | -48.41% | | PLANTATIONS | | Other 1990 (ha) | 15,000 | | Other 2000 (ha) | 15,000 | | Other 2005 (ha) | 15,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Change in rate (%) | #DIV/0! | TOTAL DEGRADATION/CONSERVSION
Forest area+Wooded Area-Plantations | | Other 1990 (ha) | 285,000 | | Other 2000 (ha) | 285,000 | | Other 2005 (ha) | 285,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | 0.00% | | Change in rate (%) | #DIV/0! |
Trinidad and Tobago: Primary
| Primary or "old-growth" vegetation | | Primary Forest 2005 (ha) | 14,000 | | Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha) | - | | Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha) | 14,000 | | Undisturbed vegetation 2005 (% land area) | 2.73% |
Trinidad and Tobago: Forest designation
| Ownership of forest land, 2000 | | Public (%) | 75.4% | | Private (%) | 24.6% | | Other (%) | - | | Ownership of other wooded land, 2000 | | Public (%) | 100.0% | | Private (%) | - | | Other (%) | - | | Designated functions of forest � primary function 2005 | | Production (%) | 19.5% | | Protection (%) | 13.3% | | Conservation (%) | 6.2% | | Social Services (%) | 1.3% | | Multiple Services (%) | 0.0% | | None of Unknown (%) | 59.7% |
Trinidad and Tobago: Disturbances affecting forest land 2000
| Forest Area annually affected by | | Fire (%) | 1.75% | | Insects (ha) | - | | Diseases (ha) | - | | Other (ha) | - |
Trinidad and Tobago: Protected areas
| Protected areas | | Biosphere reserves, 2005 | | Wetlands of international importance (Ramsar sites), 2005 | 1 | | World Heritage sites, 2004 | 0 | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories I-V, percent of total land | 4.8% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories Ia, Ib, and II, extent, percent of total land | 2.50% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories III, IV, and V, percent of total land, 2004 | 2.24% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories VI and other, percent of total land, 2004 | 0.00% |
Trinidad and Tobago: Biodiversity - Wildlife
| Amphibians | | total species | 34 | | endemic species | 5 | | threatened species | 9 | | Birds | | total species | 435 | | endemic species | 3 | | threatened species | 2 | | Mammals | | total species | 116 | | endemic species | 1 | | threatened species | 1 | | Reptiles | | total species | 93 | | endemic species | 6 | | threatened species | 5 | | Wildlife diversity | | total species | 678 | | endemic species | 15 | | threatened species | 17 |
Trinidad and Tobago: Biodiversity - Plants
| Growing stock composition | 3 most common species
% of total growing stock | 33.20% | | Growing stock composition | 3 most common species
% of total growing stock | 62.80% | | Number of Native tree species | | | Native tree species | 267 | | Number of tree species in IUCN red list | | Critically Endangered | | - | | Endangered | 1 | | Vulnerable | - | | Vascular Plant Species, 2004 | | Total | 2259 | | Number endemic | 236 | | Number of Threatened Plant Species, 2004 | | Species threatened | 1 |
Trinidad and Tobago: Value of forests
| Biomass stock in forest, 2005 | | Above-ground biomass (M t) | 38 | | Below-ground biomass (M t) | 9 | | Dead wood (M t) | 4 | | Total (M t) | 51 | | Carbon stock in forest, 2005 | | Carbon in above-ground biomass (M t) | 19 | | Carbon in below-ground biomass (M t) | 5 | | Carbon in dead wood (M t) | 2 | | Carbon in litter (M t) | - | | Soil carbon (M t) | - | | Change in growing stock 1990 - 2005 | | Annual change rate (1000 cubic m/yr) | | 1990-2000 | -100 | | 2000-2005 | 0 | | Growing stock per hectare 1990 - 2005 | | Annual change rate ( cubic m/ha per yr) | | 1990-2000 | -0.16 | | 2000-2005 | 0.16 | | Wood removal 2005 | | Industrial roundwood (1000 cubic m) | 75 | | Wood fuel (1000 cubic m) | - | | Total wood removal 2005 (1000 cubic m) | 75 | | Total wood removal 2005 (% of growing stock) | n.s. | | Plant products 2005 | | Food (t) | - | | Fodder (t) | - | | Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t) | - | | Raw material for colorants and dyes (t) | - | | Raw material for utensils, handicrafts & construction (t) | - | | Ornamental plants (t) | - | | Exudates (t) | - | | Other plant products (t) | 60 | | Animal products 2005 | | Living animals (units) | - | | Hides, skins and trophies (units) | - | | Wild honey and bee-wax (t) | - | | Bush meat (t) | 120 | | Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t) | - | | Raw material for colorants and dyes (t) | - | | Other edible animal products (t) | - | | Other non-edible animal products (t) | - | | Value of wood and non-wood forest product removal 2005 | | Industrial roundwood (US$) | $6,872,000 | | Wood fuel (US$) | - | | Non-wood forest products (US$) | - | | Total value (US$) | $6,872,000 | | Total value ($USD/ha) | $30 | | Employment in forestry 2000 | | Total people employed | 1,000 |
Trinidad and Tobago : Production, trade and consumption of forest products, 2002
| Woodfuel ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | 36 | | Imports | 0 | | Exports | - | | Consumption | 36 | | Industrial roundwood ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | 51 | | Imports | 7 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 58 | | Sawnwood ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | 43 | | Imports | 53 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 96 | | Wood-based panels ('000 cubic m), 2002 | | Production | - | | Imports | 41 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 41 | | Pulp for paper ('000 metric tons), 2002 | | Production | 0 | | Imports | 3 | | Exports | 0 | | Consumption | 3 | | Paper and paperboard ('000 metric tons), 2002 | | Production | - | | Imports | 74 | | Exports | 1 | | Consumption | 73 |
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Trinidad and Tobago: Environment
| Environment - current issues | water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion | | Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | Natural hazards | outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms |
Trinidad and Tobago: Land use / Resources
| Land use (%) | arable land: 14.62%
permanent crops: 9.16%
other: 76.22% (2001) | | Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas, asphalt |
Trinidad and Tobago: Economy
| Economy - overview: | Trinidad and Tobago, the leading Caribbean producer of oil and gas, has earned a reputation as an excellent investment site for international businesses. Tourism is a growing sector, although not proportionately as important as in many other Caribbean islands. The economy benefits from low inflation and a growing trade surplus. Prospects for growth in 2006 are good as prices for oil, petrochemicals, and liquified natural gas are expected to remain high, and foreign direct investment continues to grow to support expanded capacity in the energy sector. The government is coping with a rise in violent crime. | | GDP - per capita | $12,700 (2005 est.) | | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 6.5% (2005 est.) | | Agriculture - products | cocoa, rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry | | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 0.7%, industry: 57%, services: 42.3% (2005 est.) | | Industries | petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles | | Economic aid - recipient | $24 million (1999 est.) | | Debt - external | $2.986 billion (2005 est.) | | Population below poverty line (%) | 21% (1992 est.) | | Labor force - by occupation (%) | agriculture 9.5%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying 14%, construction and utilities 12.4%, services 64.1% (1997 est.) |
Trinidad and Tobago: Population / Demographics
| Population (July 2005) | 1,088,644 | | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | -0.74% | | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 212.3 | | Percent rural (2003) | 24.6% | | Median age (years) | total: 30.91 years | | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 1.75 (2005 est.) | | Ethnic groups (%) | Indian (South Asian) 40%, African 37.5%, mixed 20.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.8% (2000 census) |
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Trinidad and Tobago: Infrastructure
| Telephones - main lines in use | 325,100 (2002) | | Telephones - mobile cellular | 361,900 (2002) | | Roadways (km) | total: 8,320 km
paved: 4,252 km
unpaved: 4,068 km (1999 est.) |
Trinidad and Tobago: Health
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 66.73 years
male: 65.6 years
female: 67.91 years (2005 est.) | | Infant mortality rate | 24.31 deaths/1,000 live births | | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | 3.2% (2003 est.) |
Trinidad and Tobago
: References & Data Sources
 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005) and the State of the World�s Forests (2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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