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North Korea: Forest Cover, 2010
Total Land Area (1000 square kilometers) | 360 |
Total Forest Area (1000 ha) | 239 |
Percent Forest Cover | 207 |
Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha) | - |
Primary Forest, % total forest | - |
Other wooded land (1000 ha) | 190 |
Percent other wooded land | 171 |
North Korea: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | - | - |
Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | - | - |
Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | - | - |
North Korea: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
n.s. | n.s. | | 46 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
North Korea: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
- | - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | Yes | Yes | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| | Yes | Yes | |
North Korea: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
- | - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| | - | - | |
North Korea: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
- | - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent) Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | | - | |
North Korea: Primary designated function (percent)
Production | Protection of soil and water | Conservation of biodiversity | Social services | Multiple use | Other | None or unknown |
- | - | | - | - | - | - |
North Korea: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
OWNERSHIP PATTERN |
Public ownership | Private ownership | Other |
| 690 | 1725 |
PRIVATE OWNERSHIP |
Individuals | Business entities and institutions | Local, indigenous and tribal communities |
1725 | 100 | 5055 |
HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS |
Public administration | Individuals | Business
entities and Institutions | Communities | Other |
6318 | 6626 | 100 | | - |
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North Korea: Environment
Environment - current issues | water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water; waterborne disease; deforestation; soil erosion and degradation | Environment - international agreements | party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea | Natural hazards | late spring droughts often followed by severe flooding; occasional typhoons during the early fall |
North Korea: Land use / Resources
Land use (%) | arable land: 20.76% permanent crops: 2.49% other: 76.75% (2001) | Natural resources | coal, lead, tungsten, zinc, graphite, magnesite, iron ore, copper, gold, pyrites, salt, fluorspar, hydropower |
North Korea: Economy
Economy - overview: | North Korea, one of the world's most centrally planned and isolated economies, faces desperate economic conditions. Industrial capital stock is nearly beyond repair as a result of years of underinvestment and spare parts shortages. Industrial and power output have declined in parallel. Despite an increased harvest this year due to more stable weather conditions, fertilizer assistance from South Korea, and an extraordinary mobilization of the population to help with agricultural production, the nation has suffered its eleventh year of food shortages due to on-going systemic problems, including a lack of arable land, collective farming practices, and chronic shortages of inputs such as tractors and fuel. Massive international food aid deliveries have allowed the regime to escape mass starvation since 1995, but the population remains the victim of prolonged malnutrition and deteriorating living conditions. Large-scale military spending eats up resources needed for investment and civilian consumption. In 2004, the regime allowed private markets to sell a wider range of goods and permitted private farming on an experimental basis in an effort to boost agricultural output but in October 2005 retracted some of those policies by forbidding the sale of grains in markets. The regime also revitalized its food rationing system in October, an apparent backtrack on earlier reforms. Black market prices have continued to rise, leaving some vulnerable groups, such as the elderly and unemployed, less able to buy goods. As of December 2005, the regime intended to expel all nongovernmental organizations by year-end and tightly restrict the activity of governmental and international organization aid organizations such as the World Food Program. Firm political control remains the Communist government's overriding concern, which will constrain any further loosening of economic regulations. | GDP - per capita | $1,800 (2005 est.) | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 1% (2005 est.) | Agriculture - products | rice, corn, potatoes, soybeans, pulses; cattle, pigs, pork, eggs | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 30%, industry: 34%, services: 36% (2002 est.) | Industries | military products; machine building, electric power, chemicals; mining (coal, iron ore, magnesite, graphite, copper, zinc, lead, and precious metals), metallurgy; textiles, food processing; tourism | Economic aid - recipient | NA; note - approximately 350,000 metric tons, worth approximately $118 million, in food aid through the World Food Program appeal in 2004 plus additional aid from bilateral donors and non-governmental organizations | Debt - external | $12 billion (1996 est.) | Population below poverty line (%) | NA | Labor force - by occupation (%) | agricultural 36%, nonagricultural 64% |
North Korea: Population / Demographics
Population (July 2005) | 22,912,177 | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 0.90% | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 190.3 | Median age (years) | total: 31.74 years | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 2.15 (2005 est.) | Ethnic groups (%) | racially homogeneous; there is a small Chinese community and a few ethnic Japanese |
Largest Cities in North Korea
Cities and urban areas in North Korea with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.
City | Country | City Population | Urban Area Population |
Pyongyang | North Korea | 2724700 | 3171800 |
Hamhung | North Korea | 821200 | 821200 |
Chongjin | North Korea | 674000 | 674000 |
Nampo | North Korea | 655100 | 655100 |
Sinuiju | North Korea | 377200 | 377200 |
Wonsan | North Korea | 347300 | 347300 |
Phyongsong | North Korea | 315800 | 315800 |
Sariwon | North Korea | 294100 | 294100 |
Haeju | North Korea | 265200 | 265200 |
Kanggye | North Korea | 258500 | 258500 |
Kimchaek | North Korea | 227300 | 227300 |
Hyesan | North Korea | 206000 | 206000 |
Kaesong | North Korea | 198400 | 198400 |
Songnim | North Korea | 152700 | 152700 |
North Korea: Infrastructure
Telephones - main lines in use | 1.1 million (2001) | Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | Roadways (km) | total: 31,200 km paved: 1,997 km unpaved: 29,203 km (1999 est.) |
North Korea: Health
Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 71.37 years male: 68.65 years female: 74.22 years (2005 est.) | Infant mortality rate | 24.04 deaths/1,000 live births | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | NA |
North Korea
: References & Data Sources
Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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