TROPICAL RAINFORESTS: Deforestation rates tables and charts

Senegal Forest Information and Data

According to the U.N. FAO, 44.0% or about 8,473,000 ha of Senegal is forested, according to FAO. Of this 18.3% ( 1,553,000 ) is classified as primary forest, the most biodiverse and carbon-dense form of forest. Senegal had 464,000 ha of planted forest.

Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Senegal lost an average of 43,750 ha or 0.47% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Senegal lost 9.4% of its forest cover, or around 875,000 ha.

Senegal's forests contain 340 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass. Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Senegal has some 927 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 0.5% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 2.4% are threatened. Senegal is home to at least 2086 species of vascular plants, of which 1.2% are endemic. 10.7% of Senegal is protected under IUCN categories I-V.

2011 Update

In May 2011, Sassan Saatchi of Caltech's Jet Propulsion Lab and colleagues published a paper in PNAS with
new carbon stock estimates for global tropical forests.

Forest definition (canopy cover %)10% tree cover25% tree cover30% tree cover
Forest Area (M ha)310.16
Aboveground forest carbon (Mt C)59113
Belowground forest carbon (Mt C)1941
Total forest carbon (Mt C)78144
Average Carbon Density (t C/ha)292622
M=million, t=metric tons; all figures are mean carbon stock values

Senegal Environmental profile

The following contains data relating to forest cover in Senegal

Previous version of this profile (2009)

SECTIONS:

Forest Cover | Breakdown of forest types | Change in Forest Cover | Deforestation | Primary forest | Planted forest | Forest designation | Forest ownership | Growing stock | Carbon stock | Disturbances affecting forest land | Removals | Removals Value | Employment | Forest policy | Human resources | Revenue | Agreements | Protected areas | Biodiversity - Wildlife | Biodiversity - Plants | Environment | Land use / Resources | Economy | Population / Demographics | Infrastructure | Health | References | Books










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Senegal: Forest Cover, 2010
Total Land Area (1000 ha)19253
Total Forest Area (1000 ha)8473
Percent Forest Cover44
Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha)1553
Primary Forest, % total forest18
Other wooded land (1000 ha)4911
Percent other wooded land26




Senegal: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)155318
Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)645676
Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area)4645


Senegal: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
9348889886738473
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-45-45-40
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-0.49-0.51-0.47


Senegal: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
9143859282668009
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-55-55-58
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-0.6-0.6-0.68


Senegal: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
1759165315981553
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-11-11-9
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
-0.62-0.67-0.57


Senegal: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha)
1990200020052010
205306407464
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
102011
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation
1990-20002000-20052005-2010
4.095.872.66


Senegal: Primary designated function (percent)
ProductionProtection of soil and waterConservation of biodiversitySocial servicesMultiple useOtherNone or unknown
60n.s.18n.s.2200


Senegal: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
OWNERSHIP PATTERN
Public ownershipPrivate ownershipOther
100n.s.0


PRIVATE OWNERSHIP
IndividualsBusiness entities and institutionsLocal, indigenous and tribal communities
18820


HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS
Public administrationIndividualsBusiness entities and InstitutionsCommunitiesOther
1000n.s.n.s.0
Senegal: Growing stock in forest
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total
(million m3)
Per hectare
(m3)
Coniferous
(million m3)
Broadleaved
(million m3)
% commercial species
31637031675
GROWING STOCK IN FOREST
Total (million m3)Per hectare (m3)Coniferous (million m3)Broadleaved (million m3)% commercial species
235


Senegal: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(million metric tons)
1990200020052010
377357348340
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(per hectare in tons)
2000
40
ANNUAL CHANGE
(1 000 t/yr)
1990200020052010
-2-2-2
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE
(t/ha/yr)
1990200020052010
n.s.n.s.n.s.


Senegal: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
FOREST FIRE
1000 ha% wild fire (not managed burn)
81614


EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE
InsectsDiseasesOther biotic agentsAbiotic factorsTotal (excluding fire)% of 2005 forest area
------


Senegal: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
8154391
WOODFUEL
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark)
199020002005percent of which from forest 2005
46875115527667


Senegal: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals
(million US$)
Value per ha forest
(US$)
Industrial roundwoodWoodfuelNWFPTotal
216524n.s.


Senegal: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
91314
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
91214
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION
(1000 full-time employees)
199020002005
n.s.n.s.n.s.


Senegal: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): Yes (2005)
Sub-national forest policy: No
National forest program (year) - status: Yes (1992) In implementation
National forest law (year): Specific forest law (1998) Sub-national forest law: No

Senegal: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
200020052008
#% female#% female#% female
568118321387616


Senegal: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
Forest revenuePublic expenditure (1000 US$)
Domestic fundingExternal fundingTotal
(1000 US$)Operational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer paymentsOperational expenditureTransfer payments
315765251232317152154042367727727


Senegal: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
  • CbD:
  • UNFCCC:
  • Kyoto Protocol:
  • UNCCD:
  • ITTA:
  • CITeS:
  • Ramsar:
  • World Heritage Convention:
  • NlbI: [an error occurred while processing this directive] Senegal: Environment
    Environment - current issueswildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing
    Environment - international agreementsparty to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
    Natural hazardslowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts


    Senegal: Land use / Resources
    Land use (%)arable land: 12.78%
    permanent crops: 0.21%
    other: 87.01% (2001)
    Natural resourcesfish, phosphates, iron ore


    Senegal: Economy
    Economy - overview:In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which was linked at a fixed rate to the French franc. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging over 5% annually during 1995-2004. Annual inflation had been pushed down to the low single digits. As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff and a more stable monetary policy. Senegal still relies heavily upon outside donor assistance, however. Under the IMF's Highly Indebted Poor Countries debt relief program, Senegal will benefit from eradication of two-thirds of its bilateral, multilateral, and private sector debt.
    GDP - per capita$1,800 (2005 est.)
    GDP - real growth rate (%)6.1% (2005 est.)
    Agriculture - productspeanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish
    GDP - composition by sector (%)agriculture: 16.1%, industry: 21.4%, services: 62.5% (2005 est.)
    Industries agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials, ship construction and repair
    Economic aid - recipient$449.6 million (2003 est.)
    Debt - external$3.61 billion (2003 est.)
    Population below poverty line (%)54% (2001 est.)
    Labor force - by occupation (%)agriculture 77% (1990 est.)


    Senegal: Population / Demographics
    Population (July 2005)11,126,832
    Population growth rate (%) (2005)2.48%
    Population density (people/sq km) (2005)58.0
    Percent rural (2003)50.4%
    Median age (years)total: 18.15 years
    Total fertility rate (children born/woman)4.75 (2005 est.)
    Ethnic groups (%)Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4%


    Largest Cities in Senegal

    Cities and urban areas in Senegal with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.

    RomeItaly26495003552600
    DakarSenegal23840002384000
    ThiesSenegal262500262500
    KaolackSenegal227300227300
    ZiguinchorSenegal206100206100
    Saint-LouisSenegal147100147100
    MbourSenegal125800125800
    DiourbelSenegal116700116700


    Senegal: Infrastructure
    Telephones - main lines in use228,800 (2003)
    Telephones - mobile cellular575,900 (2003)
    Roadways (km)total: 14,576 km
    paved: 4,271 km including 7 km of expressways
    unpaved: 10,305 km (2000)


    Senegal: Health
    Life expectancy at birth (years)total population: 58.9 years
    male: 57.37 years
    female: 60.47 years (2005 est.)
    Infant mortality rate55.51 deaths/1,000 live births
    HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%)0.8% (2003 est.)
    Major infectious diseasesdegree of risk: very high
    food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
    vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, yellow fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, and Rift Valley fever are high risks in some locations
    water contact disease: schistosomiasis
    respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)

    Senegal : References & Data Sources
     Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
     Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
     Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
     Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
     RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
     World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
     The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
     Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
     With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com



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