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Equatorial Guinea
Forest Information and Data
According to the U.N. FAO,
58.0% or about 1,626,000 ha of Equatorial Guinea is forested, according to FAO.
Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Equatorial Guinea lost an average of 11,700 ha or 0.63% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Equatorial Guinea lost 12.6% of its forest cover, or around 234,000 ha.
Equatorial Guinea's forests contain 203 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass.
Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Equatorial Guinea has some 694 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 2.0% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 4.3% are threatened. Equatorial Guinea is home to at least 3250 species of vascular plants, of which 2.0% are endemic. 16.8% of Equatorial Guinea is protected under IUCN categories I-V.
2011 Update
In May 2011, Sassan Saatchi of Caltech's Jet Propulsion Lab and colleagues published a paper in PNAS with new carbon stock estimates for global tropical forests.
| Forest definition (canopy cover %) | 10% tree cover | 25% tree cover | 30% tree cover | | Forest Area (M ha) | 3 | 2 | 2 | | Aboveground forest carbon (Mt C) | 328 | 310 | 305 | | Belowground forest carbon (Mt C) | 87 | 82 | 81 | | Total forest carbon (Mt C) | 416 | 393 | 386 | | Average Carbon Density (t C/ha) | 159 | 160 | 160 |
M=million, t=metric tons; all figures are mean carbon stock values
Equatorial Guinea Environmental profile
The following contains data relating to forest cover in Equatorial Guinea
Previous version of this profile (2009)
SECTIONS:
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Equatorial Guinea: Forest Cover, 2010
| Total Land Area (1000 ha) | 2805 |
| Total Forest Area (1000 ha) | 1626 |
| Percent Forest Cover | 58 |
| Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha) | 0 |
| Primary Forest, % total forest | 0 |
| Other wooded land (1000 ha) | 8 |
| Percent other wooded land | n.s. |
Equatorial Guinea: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
| Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 0 | 0 |
| Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 1626 | 100 |
| Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | n.s. | n.s. |
Equatorial Guinea: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 1860 | 1743 | 1685 | 1626 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| -12 | -12 | -12 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| -0.65 | -0.67 | -0.71 | |
Equatorial Guinea: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
| FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 1860 | 1743 | 1685 | 1626 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| -12 | -12 | -12 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| -0.6 | -1 | -1
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Equatorial Guinea: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
Equatorial Guinea: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 0 | n.s. | n.s. | n.s. | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| n.s. | 0 | 0 | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | 0 | 0 | |
Equatorial Guinea: Primary designated function (percent)
| Production | Protection of soil and water | Conservation of biodiversity | Social services | Multiple use | Other | None or unknown |
| 5 | 0 | 36 | 3 | 53 | 3 | 0 |
Equatorial Guinea: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
| OWNERSHIP PATTERN |
| Public ownership | Private ownership | Other |
| 100 | 0 | 0 |
| PRIVATE OWNERSHIP |
| Individuals | Business entities and institutions | Local, indigenous and tribal communities |
| - | - | - |
| HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS |
| Public administration | Individuals | Business
entities and Institutions | Communities | Other |
| 87 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 0 |
Equatorial Guinea: Growing stock in forest
| GROWING STOCK IN FOREST |
Total
(million m3) | Per hectare
(m3) | Coniferous
(million m3) | Broadleaved
(million m3) | % commercial species |
| 268 | 165 | 0 | 268 | - |
| GROWING STOCK IN FOREST |
| Total (million m3) | Per hectare (m3) | Coniferous (million m3) | Broadleaved (million m3) | % commercial species |
| - | - | | | |
Equatorial Guinea: Trends in carbon stock in living forest biomass 1990-2010
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(million metric tons) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| 232 | 217 | 210 | 203 |
CARBON STOCK IN LIVING FOREST BIOMASS
(per hectare in tons) |
| | | 2000 |
| | | 125 |
ANNUAL CHANGE
(1 000 t/yr) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| -1 | -1 | -1 |
ANNUAL CHANGE PER HECTARE
(t/ha/yr) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| n.s. | n.s. | n.s. |
Equatorial Guinea: Area of forest affected by fire and other disturbances 2005
| FOREST FIRE |
| 1000 ha | % wild fire (not managed burn) |
| - | - |
| EXCLUDING FOREST FIRE |
| Insects | Diseases | Other biotic agents | Abiotic factors | Total (excluding fire) | % of 2005 forest area |
| - | - | - | - | - | - |
Equatorial Guinea: Trends in removals of wood products 1990-2005
INDUSTRIAL ROUNDWOOD
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | percent of which from forest 2005 |
| 200 | 689 | 634 | 100 |
WOODFUEL
Total volume (1 000 m3 over bark) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | percent of which from forest 2005 |
| 514 | 514 | 514 | 100 |
Equatorial Guinea: Value of wood and NWFP removals 2005
Value of removals
(million US$) | Value per ha forest
(US$) |
| Industrial roundwood | Woodfuel | NWFP | Total | |
| 52 | 1 | n.s. | 53 | n.s. |
Equatorial Guinea: Employment in forestry 1990-2005
TOTAL
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| 1 | 2 | 1 |
IN PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF GOODS-FORESTRY
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| 1 | 2 | 1 |
IN MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS-CONSERVATION
(1000 full-time employees) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
Equatorial Guinea: Forest policy and legal framework 2008
National forest policy (year): Yes (1997)
Sub-national forest policy: No
National forest program (year) - status: Yes (2000) In formulation
National forest law (year): - (1997)
Sub-national forest law: No
Equatorial Guinea: Human resources within public forest institutions 2000-2008
| 2000 | 2005 | 2008 |
| # | % female | # | % female | # | % female |
| 130 | 6 | 130 | 6 | 155 | 6 |
Equatorial Guinea: Forest revenue and public expenditure on forestry 2005
| Forest revenue | Public expenditure (1000 US$) |
| Domestic funding | External funding | Total |
| (1000 US$) | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments | Operational expenditure | Transfer payments |
| 11954 | 5032 | 1198 | 0 | 417 | 5032 | 1615
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Equatorial Guinea: Status of ratification of international conventions and agreements as of 1 January 2010
CbD:
UNFCCC:
Kyoto Protocol:
UNCCD:
ITTA:
CITeS:
Ramsar:
World Heritage Convention:
NlbI:
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Equatorial Guinea: Environment
| Environment - current issues | tap water is not potable; deforestation | | Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | Natural hazards | violent windstorms, flash floods |
Equatorial Guinea: Land use / Resources
| Land use (%) | arable land: 4.63%
permanent crops: 3.57%
other: 91.8% (2001) | | Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay |
Equatorial Guinea: Economy
| Economy - overview: | The discovery and exploitation of large oil reserves have contributed to dramatic economic growth in recent years. Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the neglect of the rural economy under successive regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth (the government has stated its intention to reinvest some oil revenue into agriculture). A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the IMF have been cut off since 1993 because of corruption and mismanagement. No longer eligible for concessional financing because of large oil revenues, the government has been unsuccessfully trying to agree on a "shadow" fiscal management program with the World Bank and IMF. Businesses, for the most part, are owned by government officials and their family members. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Growth remained strong in 2005, led by oil. Equatorial Guinea now has the second highest per capita income in the world, after Luxembourg. | | GDP - per capita | $50,200 (2005 est.) | | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 18.6% (2005 est.) | | Agriculture - products | coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber | | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 2.4%, industry: 95.5%, services: 2.2% (2005 est.) | | Industries | petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas | | Economic aid - recipient | $33.8 million (1995) | | Debt - external | $248 million (2000 est.) | | Population below poverty line (%) | NA |
Equatorial Guinea: Population / Demographics
| Population (July 2005) | 535,881 | | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 2.42% | | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 19.1 | | Percent rural (2003) | 51.9% | | Median age (years) | total: 18.83 years | | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 4.62 (2005 est.) | | Ethnic groups (%) | Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish |
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Equatorial Guinea: Infrastructure
| Telephones - main lines in use | 9,600 (2003) | | Telephones - mobile cellular | 41,500 (2003) | | Roadways (km) | total: 2,880 km (1999) |
Equatorial Guinea: Health
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 49.7 years
male: 48.01 years
female: 51.44 years (2005 est.) | | Infant mortality rate | 85.13 deaths/1,000 live births | | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | 3.4% (2001 est.) | | Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria (2004) |
Equatorial Guinea
: References & Data Sources
 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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