Solomon Islands: Forest Cover, 2005
| Total Land Area (ha) | 2,799,000 | | Total Forest Area (ha) | 2,172,000 | | Percent Forest Cover | 77.60% | | Primary Forest Cover (ha) | - | | Primary Forest, % total forest | - | | Primary Forest, % total land | - | | Other wooded land (ha) | - |
Solomon Islands : Forest types
| Tropical (% forest area) | 100% | | Subtropical (% forest area) | 0% | | Temperate (% forest area) | 0% | | Boreal/polar (% forest area) | 0% |
Solomon Islands: Breakdown of forest types, 2005
| Primary forest (ha | %) | - | - | | Modified natural (ha | %) | - | - | | Semi-natural (ha | %) | - | - | | Production plantation (ha | %) | - | - | | Production plantation (ha | %) | - | - |
Solomon Islands: Change in Forest Cover
| TOTAL FOREST COVER | | Forest 1990 (ha) | 2,768,000 | | Forest 2000 (ha) | 2,371,000 | | Forest 2005 (ha) | 2,172,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | (39,700) | -1.43% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | (39,800) | -1.68% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | (596,000) | -21.53% | | Change in rate (%) | 17.04% | | PRIMARY FOREST COVER | | Primary 1990 (ha) | - | | Primary 2000 (ha) | - | | Primary 2005 (ha) | - | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | - | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Change in rate (%) | - | | OTHER WOODED LAND | | Other 1990 (ha) | - | | Other 2000 (ha) | - | | Other 2005 (ha) | - | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | - | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Change in rate (%) | - | | PLANTATIONS | | Other 1990 (ha) | - | | Other 2000 (ha) | - | | Other 2005 (ha) | - | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | - | - | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | - | - | | Change in rate (%) | - | TOTAL DEGRADATION/CONSERVSION
Forest area+Wooded Area-Plantations | | Other 1990 (ha) | 2,768,000 | | Other 2000 (ha) | 2,371,000 | | Other 2005 (ha) | 2,172,000 | | Annual Change 1990-2000 (ha | %) | (39,700) | -1.43% | | Annual Change 2000-2005 (ha | %) | (39,800) | -1.68% | | Total Change 1990-2005 (ha | %) | (596,000) | -21.53% | | Change in rate (%) | 17.04% |
Solomon Islands: Primary
| Primary or "old-growth" vegetation | | Primary Forest 2005 (ha) | - | | Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha) | - | | Other primary wooded land 2005 (ha) | 0 | | Undisturbed vegetation 2005 (% land area) | 0.00% |
Solomon Islands: Forest designation
| Ownership of forest land, 2000 | | Public (%) | - | | Private (%) | - | | Other (%) | - | | Ownership of other wooded land, 2000 | | Public (%) | - | | Private (%) | - | | Other (%) | - | | Designated functions of forest – primary function 2005 | | Production (%) | - | | Protection (%) | - | | Conservation (%) | - | | Social Services (%) | - | | Multiple Services (%) | - | | None of Unknown (%) | - |
Solomon Islands: Disturbances affecting forest land 2000
| Forest Area annually affected by | | Fire (%) | - | | Insects (ha) | - | | Diseases (ha) | - | | Other (ha) | - |
Solomon Islands: Protected areas
| Protected areas | | Biosphere reserves, 2005 | | Wetlands of international importance (Ramsar sites), 2005 | 0 | | World Heritage sites, 2004 | 1 | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories I-V, percent of total land | 0.0% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories Ia, Ib, and II, extent, percent of total land | 0.00% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories III, IV, and V, percent of total land, 2004 | 0.00% | | Protected Areas: IUCN categories VI and other, percent of total land, 2004 | 0.00% |
Solomon Islands: Biodiversity - Wildlife
| Amphibians | | total species | 12 | | endemic species | 1 | | threatened species | 2 | | Birds | | total species | 248 | | endemic species | 52 | | threatened species | 21 | | Mammals | | total species | 72 | | endemic species | 17 | | threatened species | 20 | | Reptiles | | total species | 70 | | endemic species | 14 | | threatened species | 4 | | Wildlife diversity | | total species | 402 | | endemic species | 84 | | threatened species | 47 |
Solomon Islands: Biodiversity - Plants
| Growing stock composition | 3 most common species
% of total growing stock | - | | Growing stock composition | 3 most common species
% of total growing stock | - | | Number of Native tree species | | | Native tree species | - | | Number of tree species in IUCN red list | | Critically Endangered | | 0 | | Endangered | 1 | | Vulnerable | 14 | | Vascular Plant Species, 2004 | | Total | 3172 | | Number endemic | 30 | | Number of Threatened Plant Species, 2004 | | Species threatened | 16 |
Solomon Islands: Value of forests
| Biomass stock in forest, 2005 | | Above-ground biomass (M t) | - | | Below-ground biomass (M t) | - | | Dead wood (M t) | - | | Total (M t) | - | | Carbon stock in forest, 2005 | | Carbon in above-ground biomass (M t) | - | | Carbon in below-ground biomass (M t) | - | | Carbon in dead wood (M t) | - | | Carbon in litter (M t) | - | | Soil carbon (M t) | - | | Change in growing stock 1990 - 2005 | | Annual change rate (1000 cubic m/yr) | | 1990-2000 | - | | 2000-2005 | - | | Growing stock per hectare 1990 - 2005 | | Annual change rate ( cubic m/ha per yr) | | 1990-2000 | - | | 2000-2005 | - | | Wood removal 2005 | | Industrial roundwood (1000 cubic m) | 637 | | Wood fuel (1000 cubic m) | 159 | | Total wood removal 2005 (1000 cubic m) | 796 | | Total wood removal 2005 (% of growing stock) | - | | Plant products 2005 | | Food (t) | - | | Fodder (t) | - | | Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t) | - | | Raw material for colorants and dyes (t) | - | | Raw material for utensils, handicrafts & construction (t) | - | | Ornamental plants (t) | - | | Exudates (t) | - | | Other plant products (t) | - | | Animal products 2005 | | Living animals (units) | - | | Hides, skins and trophies (units) | - | | Wild honey and bee-wax (t) | - | | Bush meat (t) | - | | Raw material for medicine and aromatic products (t) | - | | Raw material for colorants and dyes (t) | - | | Other edible animal products (t) | - | | Other non-edible animal products (t) | - | | Value of wood and non-wood forest product removal 2005 | | Industrial roundwood (US$) | - | | Wood fuel (US$) | - | | Non-wood forest products (US$) | - | | Total value (US$) | - | | Total value ($USD/ha) | $- | | Employment in forestry 2000 | | Total people employed | - |
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Solomon Islands: Environment
| Environment - current issues | deforestation; soil erosion; many of the surrounding coral reefs are dead or dying | | Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | Natural hazards | typhoons, but rarely destructive; geologically active region with frequent earth tremors; volcanic activity |
Solomon Islands: Land use / Resources
| Land use (%) | arable land: 0.64%
permanent crops: 2%
other: 97.36% (2001) | | Natural resources | fish, forests, gold, bauxite, phosphates, lead, zinc, nickel |
Solomon Islands: Economy
| Economy - overview: | The bulk of the population depends on agriculture, fishing, and forestry for at least part of their livelihood. Most manufactured goods and petroleum products must be imported. The islands are rich in undeveloped mineral resources such as lead, zinc, nickel, and gold. Prior to the arrival of the Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands (RAMSI), severe ethnic violence, the closing of key businesses, and an empty government treasury culminated in economic collapse. RAMSI has enabled a return to law and order, a new period of economic stability, and modest growth as the economy rebuilds. | | GDP - per capita | $1,700 (2002 est.) | | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 5.8% (2003 est.) | | Agriculture - products | cocoa beans, coconuts, palm kernels, rice, potatoes, vegetables, fruit; cattle, pigs; timber; fish | | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 42%, industry: 11%, services: 47% (2000 est.) | | Industries | fish (tuna), mining, timber | | Economic aid - recipient | $28 million annually, mainly from Australia (2003 est.) | | Debt - external | $180.4 million (2002) | | Population below poverty line (%) | NA | | Labor force - by occupation (%) | agriculture 75%, industry 5%, services 20% (2000 est.) |
Solomon Islands: Population / Demographics
| Population (July 2005) | 538,032 | | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 2.68% | | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 19.5 | | Percent rural (2003) | 83.5% | | Median age (years) | total: 18.63 years | | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 4.04 (2005 est.) | | Ethnic groups (%) | Melanesian 94.5%, Polynesian 3%, Micronesian 1.2%, other 1.1%, unspecified 0.2% (1999 census) |
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Solomon Islands: Infrastructure
| Telephones - main lines in use | 6,600 (2002) | | Telephones - mobile cellular | 1,000 (2002) | | Roadways (km) | total: 1,360 km
paved: 34 km
unpaved: 1,326 km (1999 est.) |
Solomon Islands: Health
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 72.66 years
male: 70.16 years
female: 75.28 years (2005 est.) | | Infant mortality rate | 21.29 deaths/1,000 live births | | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | NA |
Solomon Islands
: References & Data Sources
 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005) and the State of the World’s Forests (2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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