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Moldova
Forest Information and Data
According to the U.N. FAO,
11.7% or about 386,000 ha of Moldova is forested, according to FAO. Moldova had 2,000 ha of planted forest.
Change in Forest Cover: Between 1990 and 2010, Moldova lost an average of 3,350 ha or 1.05% per year. In total, between 1990 and 2010, Moldova gained 21.0% of its forest cover, or around 67,000 ha.
Moldova's forests contain 29 million metric tons of carbon in living forest biomass.
Biodiversity and Protected Areas: Moldova, Rep has some 279 known species of amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles according to figures from the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. Of these, 0.0% are endemic, meaning they exist in no other country, and 4.7% are threatened. Moldova, Rep is home to at least 1752 species of vascular plants. 1.4% of Moldova, Rep is protected under IUCN categories I-V.
The following contains data relating to forest cover in Moldova
Previous version of this profile (2009)
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Moldova: Forest Cover, 2010
| Total Land Area (1000 square kilometers) | 48 |
| Total Forest Area (1000 ha) | 22 |
| Percent Forest Cover | 26 |
| Primary Forest Cover (1000 ha) | No |
| Primary Forest, % total forest | - |
| Other wooded land (1000 ha) | 28 |
| Percent other wooded land | 29 |
Moldova: Breakdown of forest types, 2010
| Primary forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | No | - |
| Other naturally regenerated forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | - | - |
| Planted Forest (1000 ha | % of forest area) | 1996 | No |
Moldova: Trends in Total (Net) Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| TOTAL FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| -1.0 | n.s. | | n.s. | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | 42 | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| 42 | - | - | |
Moldova: Trends in Natural Forest Cover (Deforestation), 1990-2010
| FOREST COVER (excluding planted forests) (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| - | - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | Yes | Yes | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| | Yes | Yes | |
Moldova: Trends in Primary or Old Growth Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| PRIMARY FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| - | - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| | - | - | |
Moldova: Trends in Planted Forest Cover, 1990-2010
| PLANTED FOREST COVER (1000 ha) |
| 1990 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 |
| - | - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (1000 ha)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | - | - | |
ANNUAL CHANGE RATE (percent)
Negative number represents deforestation |
| 1990-2000 | 2000-2005 | 2005-2010 |
| - | | - | |
Moldova: Primary designated function (percent)
| Production | Protection of soil and water | Conservation of biodiversity | Social services | Multiple use | Other | None or unknown |
| - | - | | - | - | - | 5 |
Moldova: Forest ownership and management rights 2005 (percent)
| OWNERSHIP PATTERN |
| Public ownership | Private ownership | Other |
| 43 | 38 |
| PRIVATE OWNERSHIP |
| Individuals | Business entities and institutions | Local, indigenous and tribal communities |
| 41 | - | 270 |
| HOLDER OF MANAGEMENT RIGHTS OF PUBLIC FORESTS |
| Public administration | Individuals | Business
entities and Institutions | Communities | Other |
| 277 | 299 | - | | - |
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Moldova: Environment
| Environment - current issues | heavy use of agricultural chemicals, including banned pesticides such as DDT, has contaminated soil and groundwater; extensive soil erosion from poor farming methods | | Environment - international agreements | party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | | Natural hazards | landslides (57 cases in 1998) |
Moldova: Land use / Resources
| Land use (%) | arable land: 55.3%
permanent crops: 10.79%
other: 33.91% (2001) | | Natural resources | lignite, phosphorites, gypsum, arable land, limestone |
Moldova: Economy
| Economy - overview: | Moldova remains one of the poorest countries in Europe despite recent progress from its small economic base. It enjoys a favorable climate and good farmland but has no major mineral deposits. As a result, the economy depends heavily on agriculture, featuring fruits, vegetables, wine, and tobacco. Moldova must import almost all of its energy supplies. Energy shortages contributed to sharp production declines after the breakup of the Soviet Union in December 1991. As part of an ambitious reform effort after independence, Moldova introduced a convertible currency, freed prices, stopped issuing preferential credits to state enterprises, backed steady land privatization, removed export controls, and freed interest rates. The government entered into agreements with the World Bank and the IMF to promote growth and reduce poverty. The economy returned to positive growth in 2000, and has remained at or above 6% every year since. Further reforms will come slowly because of strong political forces backing government controls. The economy remains vulnerable to higher fuel prices, poor agricultural weather, and the skepticism of foreign investors. | | GDP - per capita | $2,100 (2005 est.) | | GDP - real growth rate (%) | 6% (2005 est.) | | Agriculture - products | vegetables, fruits, wine, grain, sugar beets, sunflower seed, tobacco; beef, milk | | GDP - composition by sector (%) | agriculture: 20.5%, industry: 23.9%, services: 55.6% (2005 est.) | | Industries | food processing, agricultural machinery, foundry equipment, refrigerators and freezers, washing machines, hosiery, sugar, vegetable oil, shoes, textiles | | Economic aid - recipient | $100 million (2000) | | Debt - external | $1.926 billion (2005 est.) | | Population below poverty line (%) | 80% (2001 est.) | | Labor force - by occupation (%) | agriculture 40%, industry 14%, services 46% (1998) |
Moldova: Population / Demographics
| Population (July 2005) | 4,455,421 | | Population growth rate (%) (2005) | 0.22% | | Population density (people/sq km) (2005) | 133.5 | | Median age (years) | total: 32.22 years | | Total fertility rate (children born/woman) | 1.81 (2005 est.) | | Ethnic groups (%) | Moldovan/Romanian 78.2%, Ukrainian 8.4%, Russian 5.8%, Gagauz 4.4%, Bulgarian 1.9%, other 1.3% (2004 census) |
Largest Cities in Moldova
Cities and urban areas in Moldova with population over 100,000 All figures are estimates for 2002.
| City | Country | City Population | Urban Area Population |
| Chisinau | Moldova | 711700 | 775700 |
| Tiraspol | Moldova | 207900 | 207900 |
| Balti | Moldova | 174300 | 174300 |
| Tighina | Moldova | 143800 | 143800 |
Moldova: Infrastructure
| Telephones - main lines in use | 706,900 (2002) | | Telephones - mobile cellular | 338,200 (2002) | | Roadways (km) | total: 12,730 km
paved: 10,973 km
unpaved: 1,757 km (2003) |
Moldova: Health
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | total population: 65.18 years
male: 61.12 years
female: 69.43 years (2005 est.) | | Infant mortality rate | 40.42 deaths/1,000 live births | | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate (%) | 0.2% (2001 est.) |
Moldova
: References & Data Sources
 Environment, Land use / Resources, Economy, Population / Demographics, Infrastructure, Health -- CIA World Factbook, 2005
Forest Cover, Forest types, Breakdown of forest types, Change in Forest Cover, Primary forests, Forest designation, Disturbances affecting forest land, Value of forests, Production, trade and consumption of forest products -- The FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS's Global Forest Resources Assessment (2005 & 2010) and the State of the World's Forests (2009, 2007, 2005, 2003, 2001)
Protected Areas, Plant and animal biodiversity -- United Nations Environment Programme - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). 2004. World Database on Protected Areas.
Biosphere reservers -- United Nations Education, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - Man and Biosphere Program. 2004. UNESCO - MAB Biosphere Reserves Directory.
RAMSAR sites -- The Bureau of the Convention on Wetlands . 2005. The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
World Resources Institute's EarthTrends web site
The 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
Population Data -- United Nations Population Fund
With additional analysis by Rhett Butler of mongabay.com
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